Shubhanshu Shukla: Astronaut Who Carries a Nation to the Stars
“This is not just a mission to the International Space Station. This is India’s handshake with the future of humanity.” High above the pale blue curve of Earth, a gleaming capsule slices silently through the void — the Crew Dragon, call sign Freedom. Inside, wearing the Indian Tricolour on his sleeve, sits Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, pilot of Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4). His fingers hover calmly above digital displays, gaze locked, his thoughts composed. He is the calm behind the controls, the logic beneath the velocity.
The Pilot of the Impossible
Though the Dragon capsule is equipped with state-of-the-art automation, in space, nothing is ever routine. And that’s where Shukla stands apart — the man chosen to take manual control if machines falter. From the explosive ascent through Earth’s atmosphere, to orbital insertion, to the razor-thin margin of docking with the ISS at 28,000 kmph — his mind must be faster than failure, steadier than steel.
Veteran NASA commander Peggy Whitson had just two words for him:
“Wicked smart.”
More Than a Pilot — A Guardian of Mission Integrity
In the pitch silence of orbit, Shukla becomes more than a co-pilot:
A navigator, guiding the capsule’s precise ballet as it inches toward the ISS.
A systems commander, performing real-time diagnostics and calibrations.
An emergency officer, ready to intervene at a moment’s notice.
And above all, a bridge — between the capsule and Earth, between astronauts and mission control.
India’s Scientific Vanguard in Orbit
But Shukla doesn’t just pilot the capsule — he is the chief scientific ambassador of India aboard the ISS. Carrying seven Indian-designed experiments, he leads breakthrough research that could change how we live in space and survive on Earth:
Methi and Moong Sprouting: To understand how life begins in zero gravity.
Microalgae and Cyanobacteria: For oxygen recycling and nutrition in future Mars missions.
Suite Ride: A biomedical experiment aimed at diabetes regulation, with applications in both spaceflight and Indian healthcare.
He’s not just bringing data. He’s bringing India’s curiosity.
The IISc Experiments — India’s Genius on Display
The Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, entrusted Shukla with two profound experiments:
Tardigrade Survival in Space: These near-indestructible organisms — “water bears” — are the blueprint of life’s resilience. Studying their revival, reproduction, and gene response in space may unlock new biotechnologies for human survival in deep space.
Human–Computer Interaction in Microgravity: How do our brains and eyes respond to floating touchscreens in zero-G? Shukla tests the future of the human-machine interface that could guide not just space shuttles but Mars landers.
These experiments aren’t just academic. They are the early steps toward humanity’s interplanetary existence.
From Su-30MKI to Spacecraft Cockpits
With over 2,000 flight hours on India’s fiercest fighter jets — the Su-30MKI, MiG-29, Jaguars — Shukla’s career has been a story of controlled fury and steel nerves. Now, he brings that same mastery into the silence of space.
Trained by the best — at NASA, SpaceX, Roscosmos, ESA, and JAXA — he’s flown in mock ISS modules, survived extreme isolation training, and practiced countless docking simulations. No matter the flag, every space agency knows: he’s the real deal.
The Gaganyaan Connection – A Testbed for the Tricolour
Shukla isn’t just flying for the Ax-4. He is the advance party for ISRO’s Gaganyaan, India’s first human spaceflight mission, scheduled for 2027. His data, his performance, his presence — they’re paving the path for India’s autonomous spacefaring ambitions.
He carries the tricolour in his heart. And he carries the mission log in his hands.
Why It Matters – A Nation Reaches the Stars
First Indian to board the ISS
Only the second Indian in space after Rakesh Sharma
First to perform Indian microgravity experiments onboard ISS
Symbol of India’s re-entry into elite human spaceflight circles
He’s not just a passenger. He’s a living relay between India’s ancient sky-stories and her futuristic space odyssey.
A Pilot. A Scientist. A Messenger of 1.4 Billion Dreams.
“I fly not just for India,” he once said. “I fly with India behind me.”
His teammates describe him as the “anchor” of the mission. NASA staff call him “a 130-year-old brain in a 40-year-old body.” But to every young dreamer looking skyward from a village or city across India — he is proof that courage, intellect, and preparation can launch you into the stars.
From cockpit to capsule, from fighter jet to free orbit, Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla is more than an astronaut.
He is a message. That India belongs in space — not as an observer, but as a full-fledged explorer.
The mission carrying Shubhanshu Shukla and three other astronauts in Dragon capsule is scheduled to dock with International Space Station (I S S) at 4.30 PM on 26th June, 2025.
Here is a minute-by-minute breakdown of the Crew Dragon capsule docking procedure with the International Space Station (ISS) — one of the most delicate and precise ballet-like manoeuvres in human spaceflight:
T – 60 min to Docking
Final Systems Check Begins
The Dragon capsule enters “Approach Initiation” mode.
Crew verifies guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) systems.
SpaceX Mission Control (MCC-X) and NASA’s Johnson Space Center (MCC-H) begin final coordination.
T – 45 min
Midcourse Correction Burn
Dragon performs a brief thruster burn to fine-tune trajectory toward the ISS.
Automated relative navigation kicks in, using GPS and LIDAR sensors to lock on to the ISS.
T – 30 min
Range: ~400 meters | Hold Point 1
Dragon halts at a predefined hold point to verify sensor alignment and system health.
Ground teams assess telemetry, update trajectory parameters.
T – 20 min
Go/No-Go for Approach
Mission Control issues a formal “Go” for final approach.
Dragon transitions from “Hold” to “Approach” mode.
Spacecraft resumes slow forward movement toward the ISS, using pulsed nitrogen thrusters for micro-adjustments.
T – 15 min
Crew Monitoring – Manual Control Ready
Pilot Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla stays alert to take over manual control if needed.
Dragon’s approach velocity is reduced to <0.2 m/s (~0.72 km/h).
T – 10 min
Range: ~20 meters | Visual Alignment Confirmation
Dragon’s forward hatch aligns with the Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA-2) on ISS’s Harmony module.
Final alignment data is cross-checked between capsule and ISS computers.
T – 5 min
Soft Capture Phase Begins
Distance: <5 meters
Soft capture ring on Dragon’s nosecone extends and makes initial contact with ISS’s docking adapter.
Spring-based latches dampen the momentum.
T – 1 min
Capture Complete | Motion Halted
Sensors detect secure engagement.
Both vehicles are now moving in unison.
A “capture complete” signal is sent to Earth.
T + 1 min (Post-Contact)
Hard Capture Sequence
12 mechanical hooks begin pulling the capsule flush to the ISS docking ring.
This takes ~3–4 minutes.
Seals form an airtight, rigid connection.
T + 6 min
Docking Confirmed
Hard capture is complete.
Crew reports “Docking Complete” to Mission Control.
Both spacecraft share power/data interfaces.
T + 15 to 30 min
Leak Checks & Vestibule Pressurization
The vestibule (space between the two hatches) is pressurized.
Air samples are analyzed for leaks.
Hatch opening is NOT immediate — this is a critical safety phase.
T + 45 to 60 min
Hatch Opening & Crew Ingress
After full pressure equalization, hatches open.
ISS crew welcomes Dragon astronauts aboard.
Symbolic events like handshakes, flag presentations, or video links follow.
Total Duration: ~90 minutes from approach to hatch opening.
Featured image courtesy: Google.
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Wing Commander Sudarshan was an Airforce Pilot for 25 years and currently a commercial pilot. Author of 'Hasiru Hampi', he has interests in Indian History, Culture, and Heritage.